#include??
#include??
#include??
#include?“time.h“

#define?Q_NUM				81//3//9//27//81			//?劃分子空間的個數
#define?POPSIZE				250//100//100//100//250	//?種群的數量
#define?NVARS					4//1//2//3//4			//?變量的數量
#define?M_SELECT			10								//?選擇后的數量
#define?GLOBAL_GEN		50000//2000//2000//5000//50000		//?演化代數
#define?SUB_GEN				100000//5000//5000//20000//100000	//?子種群演化代數
#define?MAX_NUM			10//5//10//10//10					//?p的上界
#define?MIN_NUM			5//1//3//4//5						//?p的下界
#define?N1_NUM				150//100//100//100//150		//?子種群的個體數量
#define?LBOUND				-10.0
#define?UBOUND				10.0
#define?ANS_NUM			324//3//18//81//324		//?最優解的個數
#define?EPSILON_N			0.005//0.5//0.5//0.5//0.005			//?p的下界
#define?ALPHA					0.05//0.2//0.2//0.2//0.05				//?p的下界

//?a滿足總和固定為1的，每個元素的范圍是-0.5~1.5??的系數
double?EPSILON?=?EPSILON_N?A[M_SELECT];
int?cur_best?cur_worst;					//?當前最好的當前最差的
double?best_fitness?worst_fitness;	//?當前最好最壞的適應值

struct?genotype
{?
	double?gene[NVARS];	//?基因?
	double?fitness;				//?適應度
	double?upper[NVARS];	//?上邊界?
	double?lower[NVARS];	//?下界
};?
struct?genotype?population[POPSIZE];				//?當前種群
struct?genotype?newpopulation[MAX_NUM];		//?p個個體的種群?
struct?genotype?subpopulation[N1_NUM];			//?子種群
struct?genotype?ansPopulation[ANS_NUM];		//?ANS_NUM個最優解

void?generateA（）
{	//?生成一個和為1固定的隨機序列a
	double?sum?=?0?minbound?=?0.5?maxbound?=?1.5;
	for?（int?i?=?0;?i?	{
		A[i]?=（maxbound?-?minbound）?*?rand（）?/?（1.0?*?RAND_MAX）?+?minbound;
		sum?=?sum?+?A[i];
		maxbound?=?1.5?		minbound?=?-0.5?>?（-0.5-sum）???-0.5?:?（-0.5?-?sum）;
	}
	A[?M_SELECT?-?1]?=?1-sum;
}
double?calfitness（double?*x）
{	//?計算一個基因的適應度，shubert函數值取負
	double?result?=?1.0?tmp?=?0.0;
	for?（int?i?=?0;?i?	{
		tmp?=?0.0;
		for?（double?j?=?1.0;?j?			tmp?+=?j?*?cos（（j+1）?*?x[i]?+?j）;
		result?*=?tmp;
	}
	return?-result;
}
void?init1Gene（genotype?&single?double?lower[]?double?upper[]）
{	//?初始化一個個體
	for?（int?i?=?0?;?i??	{	
		single.lower[i]	=?lower[i];
		single.upper[i]	=?upper[i];
		single.gene[i]	=?（（double）（rand（）?/?（1.0*RAND_MAX）））?*?（upper[i]?-?lower[i]）?+?lower[i];?
	}	
	single.fitness			=?calfitness（single.gene）;
}
void?initialize（double?lbound[]?double?ubound[]）?
{?	//?初始化一個種群
	EPSILON?=?EPSILON_N;		//?初始化EPSILON
	for?（int?j?=?0;?j?		init1Gene（population[j]?lbound?ubound）;
}?
void?keepbestworst（genotype?*pops?int?sizes）
{	//?確定最好的和最差的個體
	best_fitness?=?-INT_MAX?worst_fitness?=?INT_MAX;
	for?（int?mem?=?0;?mem?	{?
		if?（pops[mem].fitness?		{?
			cur_worst?=?mem;?
			worst_fitness?=?pops[mem].fitness;?
		}
		if?（pops[mem].fitness?>?best_fitness）?
		{?
			cur_best?=?mem;?
			best_fitness?=?pops[mem].fitness;?
		}
	}
}?
void?select（genotype?pops[]?int?sizes）?
{	//?從種群中選取?M_SELECT?個個體多父體雜交
	genotype?single?=?pops[0];
	int?selected[M_SELECT]?=?{0};
	for（int?i?=?0;?i?