Network processors are fundamental building blocks in modern communication systems, in which tens of Gbps network streams have to be processed in real time. Current network applications and traffic requirements necessitate processing speeds and capabilities that are beyond those of conventional, general purpose central processing units. Network processors are the only programmable solution that can handle modern network streams demands. However, implementing network processors requires a new programming paradigm that can meet network processing requirements.This book leads the reader through the requirements and the underlying theory of network processors, real applications and implementation of network processors, and includes the EZChip Microcode Development Environment so that readers can gain hands-on experience in writing high speed networking applications. By the end of the book the reader will be able to write and test his own applications on a simulated network processor. Detailed coverage of what network processors are all about and what can be done with them numerous, real examples of networking applications and implementations (analysis, algorithm, and code) are provided.