In this revision, the first five chapters on probability are much the same as in the eighth edition. They include the following topics: probability, conditional probability, independence, Bayes’ theorem, discrete and continuous distributions, certain mathematical expectations, bivariate distributions along with marginal and conditional distributions, correlation, functions of random variables and their distributions, including the moment-generating function technique, and the central limit theorem. While this strong probability coverage of the course is important for all students, it has been particularly helpful to actuarial students who are studying for Exam P in the Society of Actuaries’ series (or Exam 1 of the Casualty Actuarial Society)